| Property | Specification |
| Appearance | Brownish-yellow to light tan, fibrous root |
| Color | Light brown, yellowish interior |
| Odor | Pungent, aromatic, slightly spicy |
| Taste | Spicy, hot, and slightly sweet |
| Texture | Firm, fleshy when fresh; dry and brittle when dried |
| Density | 0.6 - 0.8 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | N/A (typically consumed as dried or fresh) |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and oils |
| Moisture Content | 10% to 12% |
| pH Level | 5.0 - 6.0 |
| Particle Size | N/A (depends on form: whole, powdered, or sliced) |